The psychospiritual impact of disaster: An overview


Disasters affect communities by overwhelming their capacity to address physical and emotional needs, by destroying resources, disrupting important attachments and relationships, threatening safety, and exceeding individual and community capacity to make meaning of the events (Hobfoll et al., 2007). Most mental health research has been on the negative mental health outcomes of disaster, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and alcohol abuse (Bonanno, 2004; Brewin, Andrews, & Valentine, 2000; Kessler, Sonnegar, Bromet, Hughes, & Nelson, 1995; Ozer, Best, Lipsey, & Weiss, 2003). From the perspective of many faith communities, disaster may be viewed not only as a loss and target for problem solving but also as a challenge that can inspire growth and foster improved functioning, or "posttraumatic growth." Such growth is characterized by perceiving oneself as resilient, having more meaningful relationships with others, developing an increased appreciation for life, and experiencing enhanced spirituality (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996).